Drying and calcination are endothermic processes that require heat to evaporate bulk moisture or decompose chemical compounds. Combustion processes involve exothermic oxidation or burning of the feed material. Roasting processes use elevated temperature and controlled furnace atmospheres to effect desired chemical reactions in the furnace charge; roasting reactions may be either endothermic or exothermic. Although many furnace technologies exist, current industrial practice favors the rotary kiln and the fluidized-bed reactor for these applications.
Assessing the appropriate furnace technology for a given application is not a trivial exercise. Hazen can ably assist its clients in this area, because we understand that furnace design relies not only on an accurate definition of process operating conditions, but also on the physical characteristics of the feed materials, product specifications, gas handling requirements, and other important considerations. We can develop a well-planned program to ascertain the technical feasibility of a potential processing method, examine areas of technological uncertainty, and establish the economic viability of the venture. Once process parameters have been adequately defined, pilot-scale confirmation can generate the process design criteria needed for commercial implementation.
Since opening its doors in 1961, Hazen has completed projects over an exceptionally wide range of thermal processing applications. Some of our recent studies have involved:
- roasting of refractory and carbonaceous gold ores
- sulfation roasting of cobalt–copper–nickel concentrate
- reduction roasting of nickel laterites
- manganese carbonate calcination
- zirconium sulfate calcination
- selective chlorination of metals
- antimony and arsenic fuming
- combustion of coal, oil shale, refuse-derived fuel, and other fuels
- combustion of municipal solid waste for energy recovery
Crusher machine for sale South Africa
C&M Mining Machinery is a global supplier and manufacturer of crushing, grinding, sand making and beneficiation plant. We provide complete sets soapstone processing plant and crushing plant for sale such as jaw crusher, impact crusher, cone crusher, mobile crusher etc.As a professional crusher supplier, we developed mobile crusher for flexible installation and application. It has been most favorite crushing machine for quarries, mining and construction industry. Our crushers have been exported to many countries such as India, South Africa, Russia, Indonesia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Pakistan, Kenya, Guinea, Omen etc. If you want to know crusher price South Africa or other information, please contact us.
Related Articles
The Design of Feldspar Crushing Plant
Feldspar is a common rock-forming mineral, and it is one of the most important non-metallic minerals. It is used in a wide variety of applications,...
Granite stone crushing machine for sale united kingdom
Granite stone crushing machine for sale in the United Kingdom can be achieved through several methods, including using a jaw crusher, impact crusher, cone crusher,...
Aggregate Crushing Plant
Aggregate crushing plant is known as crushing plant. It crushes stone and mines which are the basic need of the building sector. So, the main...
mobile gold ore crusher plants for sale in ghana
Mobile gold ore crusher plants are used to process gold ore in various mining and processing operations. In Ghana, mobile gold ore crusher plants can...
gold mining machine manufacturer in india
India is a country rich in natural resources, and one of the valuable resources found in abundance is gold. Gold mining has been an important...
Rock aggregate crushers 1000tons per hour
Rock aggregate crushers are machines that are used to break down large rocks into smaller pieces. They are an essential part of the construction industry,...
Prices of mining crusher equipment in South Africa
South Africa is a major mining country, with a rich history of mineral extraction. The mining industry is a major contributor to the country's economy,...
Cement grinding unit manufacturers in India
Cement grinding is the process of grinding cement clinker into a fine powder. The cement grinding unit is an important part of the cement manufacturing...
Quarry big stone crusher price & Manufacturers
Quarry big stone crusher – gravel pits for crushing equipment The quarry big stone crusher is mainly referring to the stone-breaking machinery product particle size...
Cement Grinding Mill Manufacturers in India
India is one of the world's leading producers of cement, and the cement industry is a major contributor to the country's economy. Cement grinding mills...