The main useful mineral of lithium ore is Li2O, the gangue mineral is SiO2 67.71%, and the harmful elements sulfur and phosphorus are low. After the analysis of beneficiation test, the beneficiation process used includes: crushing and screening, grinding classification, flotation purification, tailings magnetic separation and other processes.
1. Spodumene crushing and screening shunting process
According to the principle of “more crushing and less grinding”, three sections and one closed circuit crushing and screening separation process are generally adopted in the crushing and screening operation in the concentrator. Specifically, the raw ore is entered into the jaw crusher by the feeder for coarse crushing, and the coarse crushed products are transported to the cone crusher by the belt conveyor for crushing. After crushing, the cone crusher will enter the circular vibrating screen for screening. The material on the screen is unqualified ore which needs to be sent to the second cone crusher for fine breaking. And the material under the screen can enter the next process. Adopting such a three-stage closed-circuit crushing and screening operation can solve the problem of large particle size of crushed materials, at the same time, it can also ensure the treatment efficiency of raw ore and recovery rate of fine ore, and improve the production yield.
2. Grading process of spodumene grinding
After crushing and screening, qualified minerals enter the storage bin and are fed into the grinding classification process by the feeder. The detailed process is: the ore under the screen is sent into the belt conveyor for grinding, and the products after grinding are stored in the pump box. The pulp in the pump box is pumped into the hydrocyclone through the slurry pump for classification. Because the spodumene contains other argillaceous materials, the graded pulp needs to be transported for desliming and concentration operations. After a period of precipitation, the concentrated and deslimed spodumene slurry is discharged from the bottom of the concentrator and enters the next separation process.
3. Flotation process of spodumene
Generally, spodumene concentrator will use flotation method to separate spodumene. The specific technological process is as follows: the spodumene slurry after concentration and desliming will enter the flotation machine for a roughing. After roughing, spodumene coarse concentrate will enter the next step of the selection operation. The coarse tailings will be swept. When the spodumene is selected, it is usually selected three times. The recovery rate of spodumene concentrate can be improved and the waste of materials can be avoided. The refined spodumene is the concentrate product, which can be transported to the concentrate reservoir for storage for further processing.
4. Magnetic separation process of spodumene tailings
Tailings are treated in order to further improve the recovery rate of spodumene concentrate. The tailings obtained after roughing and cleaning of spodumene will enter the sweeping process for treatment. Because spodumene tailings contain mica pieces and other debris, if directly into the high intensity magnetic separator separation, it may lead to the blockage of the medium box and affect the effect of high intensity magnetic iron removal. Therefore, in order to ensure and improve the effect of iron removal, a high frequency fine screen can be added before spodumene tailings enter the low intensity magnetic separator. In this way, impurities in the tailings can be removed to ensure the normal process of iron removal. In order to obtain high quality feldspar powder, one low intensity magnetic separation and two high intensity magnetic separation can be conducted on tailings after iron removal.
The above is the introduction of spodumene beneficiation process, the process is for reference only. The detailed process design and equipment layout should be determined according to the characteristics of the ore itself. Must not blindly choose and copy the process of other concentrator. It is necessary to test the ore separability before separation.
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